The invention provides a system for identifying an initial angle of a permanent magnet synchronous motor. The running of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is controlled by a servo driver; the system comprises a current output unit, a steering determining unit, a current regulating unit and an initial angle searching unit, wherein the current regulating unit is used for regulating an angle of the output current of the current output unit according to a rotating direction of a rotor and through a way of adding a preset step-length angle on a given angle of primary current, and the initial angle searching unit is used for determining the initial angle of the rotor when the rotating direction of the rotor is changed. The invention also provides a corresponding method. According to the system and the method, which are provided by the invention, by outputting the current in the given angle to a stator of the motor and regulating the angle of the current which is output to the stator according to the rotating direction of the rotor, the position of the initial angle of the rotor of the motor can be determined.