The invention discloses master-slave nodes of a networked logging downhole instrument, and belongs to the field of oil exploration. The master-slave nodes comprise master nodes, slave nodes and a downhole exchange circuit, the master nodes are used for receiving and issuing control instructions sent by an upper computer, requesting data by sending the control instructions to the slave nodes and building and maintaining downhole network connection, the slave nodes collect logging data according to the control instructions, and the downhole exchange circuit is used for achieving the linkage of the master nodes and the slave nodes and the nonsequential cascade connection of the slave nodes. The invention further discloses a networked logging downhole instrument master-slave node instruction issuing method and a networked logging downhole instrument master-slave node data uploading method. A connection-oriented Ethernet protocol based on a TCP/IP is adopted, the network communication speed is 10Mbps/100Mbps. Compared with a traditional bus communication mode, the communication speed is improved on the basis of improving communication reliability.