The invention relates to the field of manufacture of aircraft parts, in particular to a rivet hole position detection method for aircraft skin. The method includes the steps of a, manufacturing a bracket set fitting skin parts and used for supporting; b, making reference holes in the bracket set, used as measurement references; c, placing and fixing the skin parts on the bracket set, and using positioning pins to position positioning holes in the skin parts and positioning holes in the bracket set; d, entering coordinates of the reference holes into a laser tracker device, fitting the coordinates of the reference holes, and overlapping the coordinates of the reference holes and designed theoretical coordinates of a die; e, with the reference holes as references, measuring rivet hole positions with the laser tracker device; f, comparing coordinate data of measured rivet holes to coordinates in a skin part digital model so as to judge whether the rivet hole positions are satisfactory or not. Through the application of the method, rivet hole positions can be quickly and accurately detected.