The invention discloses a voice noise reduction method and system based on a microphone array, and the method comprises the steps: enabling two nondirectional microphones forming the microphone array to be built into two backward heart-shaped directional microphones, and obtaining a forward target voice signal and a backward noise signal; carrying out the frequency balancing of the forward target voice signal and the backward noise signal at the same degree, and obtaining a balanced target voice signal and a balanced noise signal; carrying out the self-adaption double filtering of the forward target voice signal and the backward noise signal, and obtaining a corrected noise signal and a corrected target voice signal; and obtaining a restored target voice signal based on the corrected target voice signal. The method employs frequency balancing to prevent the frequency distortion of the restored target voice signal, employs a self-adaption double filtering method to solve a problem that the target voice signal is damaged while a self-adaption filter is employed for noise reduction, and completely avoids the distortion of the restored target voice signal.