The invention discloses a particle swarm optimization-based urban road vehicle connectivity optimization method which is mainly used for solving a problem that technologies of the prior art can only provide an expression model for urban road vehicle connectivity which is difficult to apply through engineering approaches. The particle swarm optimization-based urban road vehicle connectivity optimization method comprises the following steps: in a free flow state, an application scenario of connectivity among vehicles on an urban road is established; information channel fading is introduced in object function establishment; constrained conditions affecting vehicle connectivity are determined; an available connectivity model for the vehicles is subjected to solving and optimizing operation via use of particle swarm optimization. According to the particle swarm optimization-based urban road vehicle connectivity optimization method, node height dynamism and effects exerted on a communication radius by information channel randomness are taken into account, and the connectivity model for the vehicles on the urban road is subjected to qualitative analyzing operation with speed and hop count limit taken into consideration. Effects exerted on connectivity by information channel randomness can be well illustrated via adoption of a shadow propagation model of logarithmic normal distribution, and vehicle connectivity can be accurately described. The particle swarm optimization-based urban road vehicle connectivity optimization method can process actual scenarios of a plurality of road sections and can be widely applied to cities of large, medium and small sizes.