The invention discloses a method and apparatus for controlling message distribution. The method includes the steps of for each calculation unit in a real-time stream-oriented calculation system, acquiring an execution state in which each calculation unit processes a message in a set period; for each calculation unit, if the execution state of the calculation unit meets a set working efficiency index, determining an upstream calculation unit corresponding to the calculation unit; and transmitting an adjusting command corresponding to the set working efficiency to the upstream calculation unit, so that the upstream calculation unit can adjust the message distribution state of the calculation unit. The invention can be used for solving the problems of data flow blockage and low message processing throughput in the prior art.