The invention provides a data processing method and device used for mechanics of materials. The method is applied to a computer and comprises following steps: obtaining original test data of material to be processed; and analyzing original test data and extracting performance parameters for mechanics of materials of material to be processed. The data processing method and device used for mechanics of materials have following beneficial effects: test data is processed and calculated rapidly, efficiently and accurately; performance parameters for mechanics of materials are extracted and a material model is directly established so that a data processing procedure is simplified; working load of data processing is reduced and reliability of data processing is increased.