The invention provides a pulse generation device applied to the tail pipe well completion process for intelligent drill rod rubber plug positioning. The pulse generation device comprises an impacting mechanism, a motor and a shell, wherein the motor is connected with an impacting cover board through a transmission mechanism and can drive the impacting cover board to at least conduct the vertical reciprocating motion, so that the impacting cover board and fluid around the impacting cover board act on each other and generate pressure waves; and the motor and at least one part of the transmission mechanism are installed in the shell. The pulse generation device and a drill rod rubber plug can be jointly conveyed and used, in the conveying process, the impacting cover board continuously generates pressure pulse waves with the surrounding fluid under the longitudinal reciprocating motion, continuous real-time pulse signals are formed to be acquired by a pressure sensor, and the situation of unapparent bump-pressure or bump-pressure failures generated in the well cementation bump-pressure process can be avoided in the continuous working manner. The invention further provides an intelligent drill rod rubber plug positioning system and method adopting the pulse generation device.