The invention discloses a method and a device for tracing a multi-modal wetland ecological habitat scene in a nuclear space. The device comprises the steps of feature extraction: extracting the global or local features of habitat images in a wetland ecological system by using a space trapping method and a scale invariant feature transformation method; feature preprocessing: conducting normalization processing and centralization processing on the extracted features; feature coupling: projecting heterogeneous features in the nuclear space for coupling by using a kernel principal component analysis method; and tracing: determining the attribution of the wetland ecological habitat scene coupled component features by using a large margin nearest neighbor method. The device comprises an imaging device, a mobile flash device, a CF card reader and a PC. Compared with a conventional method, the method has the obvious advantages that the heterogeneous-modal wetland ecological habitat feature information is effectively fused in the nuclear space, the attribution of the wetland ecological habitat scene in the nuclear space is determined, the tracing precision is improved, and the method has a good application prospect and a considerable market value.