The invention provides a resonance chamber type suction silencer and a refrigeration compressor, and relates to the field of devices preventing or reducing noise or other sound waves. The resonance chamber type suction silencer comprises a silencer body, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe. The silencer body comprises a silencing cavity, and the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe communicate with the silencing cavity. A plurality of resonance pieces are arranged in the silencing cavity. Each resonance piece comprises a resonance cavity provided with at least one opening. The resonance cavities of all or part of the resonance pieces are different in volume. The invention further provides the refrigeration compressor comprising the above resonance chamber type suction silencer. One kind of volume corresponds to one noise frequency range for noise reduction, the frequency range of noise reduction can be widened through several different volumes, and finally the purpose of noise elimination is achieved. For the wide frequency spectrum character of the refrigeration compressor, the requirement for the wide-range frequency spectrum noise can be well met.