The present invention provides a virtual SIM card management method, a management device, a server and a terminal. The virtual SIM card corresponds to a plurality of virtual data cards supporting the data service, and the virtual SIM card management method applicable to the server comprises: authenticating any one terminal upon the receiving of a request for using the virtual SIM card sent by the any one terminal; and granting the any one terminal a usage authority of any one of the virtual data cards corresponding to the virtual SIM card when the authentication for the any one terminal is passed. With the technical scheme of the invention, the virtual SIM card corresponds to a plurality of virtual data cards and one virtual voice card such that the plurality of terminals can simultaneously share data traffic from the same virtual SIM card, ensuring that the data traffic of the virtual SIM card can be effectively utilized, and at the same time ensuring that only one terminal has the usage authority of the virtual voice card at the same time, so as to ensure a point-to-point voice service characteristic.