The present invention relates to the technical field of robots, and in particular to an automatic panoramic picture shooting system and method. The automatic panoramic picture shooting system, which is applied to a robot system, comprises: a voice recognition unit for recognizing instruction information in voice information, and the instruction information at least including a photographing instruction and photographing trajectory information; a control unit connected to the voice recognition unit and used to receive the instruction information and generate a control signal to control a corresponding device to act; a moving unit connected to the control unit and being capable of moving from a start position to an end position along a photographing trajectory under the function of the control unit; and an image capturing unit arranged on the moving unit to move along with the moving unit, and the image capturing unit being connected to the control unit, and capturing an image under the function of the control unit. The present invention can automatically shoot a panoramic picture according to a panoramic picture shooting instruction sent by a user, solves the technical problem of how to automatically shoot a panoramic picture, and makes panoramic picture shooting simpler and the effect of a mosaicked panoramic picture better.