An embodiment of the invention provides a data processing scheme. According to the data processing scheme, a storage device stores a first mapping relationship, wherein the first mapping relationship comprises mapping of a first eigenvalue and data in a specific format; the storage device calculates a first data block to obtain an eigenvalue of the first data block, wherein the eigenvalue of the first data block is a first eigenvalue; and when the storage device queries the first mapping relationship according to the first eigenvalue of the first data block to determine that the first mapping relationship contains the first eigenvalue, the first data block belongs to the data in the specific format, and the storage device no longer performs repeated data deletion operation on the first data block.