The invention discloses a device and method for planting selenium-enriched sugarcane. The device for planting selenium-enriched sugarcane comprises a housing whose top portion is provided with a first opening and a pair of second openings; a seal cover which is provided with a pair of first projections and a pair of second projections; a first partition plate which is installed at the lower part of the housing; a filling layer which is positioned between the first partition plate and the bottom of the housing; a first vertical rod whose one end is fixedly connected with the top portion of the first partition plate, and the other end passes through the middle part of the seal cover, extends out from the housing and is fixedly connected with the seal cover. By means of the device for planting selenium-enriched sugarcane, human investment of watering, fertilizing and pesticide spraying during planting process is reduced; the application amount of water, water-soluble fertilization and pesticide liquid can be reasonably controlled; the yield of sugarcane can be greatly increased through scientific and effective management.