The present invention provides a global resource distribution method and device. In the invention, the global resource specification restriction in the current global resource scheme is broken, the global resource ID distributed by the global main control board to the global resource is no longer synchronized to each single board, and a local resource ID having the mapping relation with the global resource ID is distributed at a downlink single board matching the global resource to allow the local resource to map the part of the global resource so as to greatly extend the global resource specification, avoid the defects caused by the global resource specification restriction and improve the product competitiveness.