The invention relates to a method for preventing and treating a cryptocaryon irritans disease through a biological method. The method particularly comprises the step that biological prevention and treatment are conducted by removing cryptocaryon irritans miracidia by means of filter feeders. The method for conducting biological prevention and treatment on the cryptocaryon irritans disease by means of the filter feeders is high in operability, and no adverse effect can be generated to the environment; embodiment results show that the method achieves both a treatment effect and a prevention effect on the cryptocaryon irritans disease, and cured fishes cannot suffer from the cryptocaryon irritans disease in few months. The key of the method is selection of the filter feeders and determination of the putting quantity, and the prevention and treatment effects of the method can be enhanced by selecting the proper filter feeders and determining the appropriate putting quantity.