The invention discloses a mine car transportation intelligent coal gangue identifying and split conveying device. In the transportation process of a coal mine tunneling production mine car, materials capable of being transported in the mine car are coals or gangues, so that the transportation mine car is controlled to move on a coal gangue transportation rail or a gangue transportation rail to realize coal gangue split conveying. The mine car transportation intelligent coal gangue identifying and split conveying device comprises an industrial camera, an image acquiring card, a computer, an in-place sensor, a PCI card, a light source controller, an auxiliary light source, a driver controlled switch point controller and a driver controlled switch point.