The invention discloses a surface plasma optical waveguide structure based on a zinc oxide nanotube. The structure comprises a metal layer1 (1), a dielectric layer (2) and a metal layer2 (3) which are successively arranged from top to bottom. The dielectric layer (2) comprises a ZnO nanotube. A radial cross section shape of the ZnO nanotube is a hexagon and a radial cross section of an internal cavity is also a hexagon. The metal layer1 (1) is tightly contacted with one plane of an external surface of the ZnO nanotube. Another plane, which is opposite to the plane, is tightly contacted with the metal layer2 (3). The metal layer1 (1), the metal layer2 (3) and the ZnO nanotube are arranged in the air. In the invention, a light field can be concentrated and restrained in the cavity of the zinc oxide nanotube so as to form field distribution in an optical fiber which is usually used. The form field is close to an ideal distribution form and the light field is restrained in an area which is much less than a diffraction limit.