The invention relates to a toluene disproportionation and transalkylation catalyst and a starting method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the conversion rate of heavy aromatics is low, and the by-reactions are severe in the primary period of reactions. The provided catalyst and starting method thereof well solve the problems mentioned above. The catalyst comprises 30 to 80 parts of (a) at least one of ZSM-5 molecular sieve, ZSM-12 molecular sieve, NU-87 molecular sieve, mordenite molecular sieve, and beta-zeolite molecular sieve, 0.01 to 5 parts of (b) at least one of platinum, palladium, rhenium, tin, germanium, and lead, and 20 to 50 parts of (c) adhesive; wherein the (b) is loaded on the (a). The catalyst and the starting method thereof can be applied to toluene disproportionation and transalkylation in industrial production.