The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating cough, made from 3-15 parts of mulberry silkworm, 3-15 parts of cicada slough, 5-15 parts of roasted herb of Chinese ephedra, 5-15 parts of apricot seed, 5-15 parts of roasted loquat leaf, 5-15 parts of roasted root of sessile stemona, and the like. The traditional Chinese medicine composition can effectively treat cough due to various causes, has light side effects, and can effectively treat, particularly, cough variant asthma, acute bronchitis, and gastro-esophageal reflux induced cough.