A hand-cranking medicinal material grinding device comprises a shell. A feeding hopper is installed on the inner side of the upper end of the shell, a supporting table is fixed to the right side of the feeding hopper, a movable shaft is installed in a vertical shaft hole in the right side of the supporting table, the two ends of the movable shaft extend to the upper side and the lower side of the supporting table correspondingly, an inner grinding pillar is fixed to the lower end of the movable shaft, a limiting seat is installed in the middle of the inner side surface of the shell, a supporting plate is installed in a limiting groove of the limiting seat, and a bearing is installed between side surface of the supporting plate and the limiting seat. According to the hand-cranking medicinal material grinding device, a handlebar sleeve is swung by hand for machining in the grinding process, a rotating shaft rotates to drive an outer mould sleeve to rotate through cooperation between a driving gear and a transmission gear, and meanwhile, the inner grinding pillar can wriggle up and down; when the inner grinding pillar rises, medicinal materials enter the space between the inner grinding pillar and the outer mould sleeve; when the inner grinding pillar falls, a slope of the inner grinding pillar presses the medicinal materials downwards; and the grinding effect is good, medicine feeding is convenient, and the structure is simple and light.