The invention discloses a rubber belt conveyor control system which comprises a tensioning system, a driving system, a rubber belt conveying system, a combined frequency converter and a controller. The controller is used for collecting a tension signal of the rubber belt conveying system and obtaining a rubber belt conveying speed control instruction and a rubber belt tension control instruction according to the tension signal. The combined frequency converter is used for controlling the rubber belt conveying speed of the rubber belt conveying system according to the rubber belt conveying speed control instruction and controlling the rubber belt tension of the rubber belt conveying system according to the rubber belt tension control instruction. The rubber belt conveyor control system has the following beneficial effects that through communication between the controller and the combined frequency converter, normal operation and work of the rubber belt conveying system are achieved, the number of communication circuits and the equipment failure rate are decreased, and meanwhile, when the rubber belt conveying system needs to be updated, only the controller needs to be updated.