The invention discloses a control system of a permanent magnetic synchronous motor. The control system comprises a coordinate conversion unit, a control unit, a signal processing unit and an inverter, wherein the coordinate conversion unit is used for converting three-phase stator currents Ia, Ib and Ic into actual stator currents Id and Iq under a d-q synchronous rotation coordinate system; the control unit is used for calculating given rotor currents Idref and actual stator currents Id and outputting given d-axis voltages Udref; the signal processing unit is used for processing and modulating the given d-axis voltages Udref and given q-axis voltages Uqref into control signals; and the inverter is used for modulating the control signals into actual currents of a stator three-phase symmetric winding and driving the permanent magnetic synchronous motor to run. The control system of the permanent magnetic synchronous motor only comprises one current ring, reduces parameter calculation and adjustment in the control system and improves the dynamic response speed of the control system of the permanent magnetic synchronous motor.