The invention relates to an RFID-based online scheduling control system of an automatic guided vehicle (AGV). The system comprises multiple AGVs, multiple production workstation scheduling terminals and a remote control center. All the AGVs are in communication connection with the remote control center through the wireless network. All the production workstation scheduling terminals are in communication connection with the remote control center through the Ethernet network. The AGVs are connected with the production workstation scheduling terminals through navigation magnetic strips laid in a workshop. Each of the AGVs comprises a power supply, a magnetic navigation module, an RFID module, a wireless communication module and a PLC control module, wherein the power supply provides power for the AGV; and the magnetic navigation module, the RFID module and the wireless communication module are electrically connected with the PLC control module. According to the invention, the system is convenient to operate; unmanned navigation and automatic running can be achieved for the AGVs; and the AGVs are scheduled and controlled in an online manner in real time depending on the RFID signals, so the flexibility of scheduling management of the AGV management scheduling system is greatly improved.