The invention discloses a suspension insulator comprehensive parameter detection apparatus and detection method. Axial tensioning of a suspension insulator is performed, the influence of the swing attitude on the measuring precision in a measuring process is avoided, multiple clamping position errors due to repeated clamping are avoided, and the measuring precision is improved; two first range finders perform measurement by employing opposite irradiation; and the axial fluctuation and the radial fluctuation are both performed by employing the scanning mode so that extremum loss caused by determination of detection points by the conventional method is avoided. According to the suspension insulator comprehensive parameter detection apparatus and detection method, problems of low detection efficiency, large errors, and unstable measuring precision of the suspension insulator in the prior art are solved, artificial factors in the measuring process are reduced, the measuring precision is stabilized, the labor intensity in the measuring process is reduced, and the measuring efficiency is improved.