The invention discloses a method for identifying cigarette authenticity by utilizing HS-IMR-MS. The method comprises the steps of utilizing a headspace sampling device and IMR-MS for quickly collecting volatile components of cigarette and analyzing, obtaining volatile component mass spectra fingerprint of genuine cigarette and the same brand of cigarette to be identified, comparing a genuine cigarette qualified threshold by combining similarity analysis, and realizing rapid identification on the authenticity of the cigarette to be identified. The method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that the headspace sampling device and an ion-molecular reaction mass spectrometer are connected in series for use, so that an volatile component analysis technique integrating sample collecting, sampling and analyzing into a whole is formed, a rapid analysis method with simplicity and convenience in operation, objectivity and fairness, and science and accuracy can be provided for identifying the cigarette authenticity by combining mass spectrometric data similarity analysis, the scientificity and the authority of cigarette authenticity identifying inspection work are improved fundamentally, counterfeited cigarette which is increasingly hard to identify is resisted, and the benefits of the country and consumers are maintained.