The invention provides a pilot random access method based on timing advance information and aims to solve the technical problem of the small number of successful access users during higher system load in the conventional pilot random access method. The method comprises the following steps: 1, propagation delay and cell radius of users are quantized; 2, the users select pilot sequences; 3, the users send pilot sequences with addition of cyclic prefixes as well as identification codes; 4, a base station sends pilot random access response information; 5, the users judge whether themselves meet timing advance information requirements, if yes, step 6 is executed, otherwise, pilot random access is finished; 6, the strongest user resends the pilot sequence and the identification code; 7, the base station sends collision resolution information. With adoption of the method, the number of successful access users is high during higher system load, and the problem of pilot pollution in a massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) system can be solved.