The invention discloses a chloroprene rubber composition for a cable and a manufacturing method thereof. The chloroprene rubber composition is prepared from chloroprene rubber, chlorinated rubber, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, organic fiber, fumed silica, carbon black, antiager, accelerant, solid lubricant, and filler. The chlorinated rubber and the chloroprene rubber are combined to use; through formula adjustment and technical improvement, the cold resistance, low-temperature flexibility and other performances of the chloroprene rubber are improved, the fumed silica is added, and the dosage of solid lubricant molybdenum disulfide with good effect and high price is reduced, the processing performance is improved; the chloroprene rubber composition is applicable to manufacture a cable sheath.