The invention provides an application of a Ni3P-based catalyst in a hydrodeoxygenation reaction of phenol and phenol derivatives and belongs to the technical field of biomass-oil processing. The catalyst takes Ni3P as the main active component and is unsupported or supported. According to the hydrodeoxygenation reaction under catalysis of the catalyst, aqueous solutions or oil solutions of oxygen-containing phenol or phenol derivatives are taken as reaction raw materials, and the reaction is performed in a continuously flowing fixed-bed reactor. The hydrodeoxygenation activity of the Ni3P-based catalyst is better than that of Pd/SiO2 as a noble metal catalyst, the stability of the Ni3P-based catalyst is better than that of a Ni2P-based catalyst, and the Ni3P-based catalyst has broad application prospect in the field of hydrodeoxygenation of biomass-oil.