The invention provides a calculation method for vertical displacement of immersed tunnel tube segments under a vehicle load. The method comprises the steps of simulating tube segments by adopting a Timoshenko girder, enabling a foundation to be equivalent to a series of spring elements and damper elements, which are connected in series, and building a tube segment-joint model, wherein each of an anti-shearing unit and an anti-bending unit in the joint model is formed by connecting a spring and a damper in parallel; and simplifying boundary conditions of the tube segments and considering the boundary conditions to be free-free, wherein the joint action is achieved through adding concentrated force and concentrated moment to the end parts of the tube segments, and the concentrated force and the concentrated moment on the adjacent end surfaces are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. Through solving of a tube segment vibration mode function and building and solving of a tube segment power dynamic equation, an nth-order time coefficient as shown in the specification of a jth tube segment is solved by adopting a Newmark step-by-step integration method; and a vertical displacement response of any longitudinal position of each tube segment can be obtained by combining with a tube segment mode function.