The invention discloses a preparation method of a catalyst for preparing anthraquinone through oxidation of anthracene. The preparation method comprises: treating Y-type molecular sieve in glycerin with temperature of 150-220 DEG C for 0.5-5 h, mixing the obtained mixed liquid with an inorganic guiding agent and a transition metal salt solution at 30-80 DEG C for 0.5-2 h, then treating in a closed reaction kettle at 80-120 DEG C for 2-20 hours, next, taking the product at normal temperature and normal pressure out for drying and roasting to obtain a modified mesoporous Y-type molecular sieve; impregnating and drying the modified mesoporous Y-type molecular sieve, and then roasting the dried sieve at 500-2000 DEG C for 1-10 h to obtain the catalyst. According to the invention, the metal oxide is introduced in the preparation process of the Y-type molecular sieve to modify the Y-type molecular sieve, thereby improving the oxidizability of the molecular sieve and increasing the mesopores of the molecular sieve. Moreover, such a transition metal oxide supported porous Y-type molecular sieve is selected for oxidation of anthracene, which is beneficial to proceeding of oxidation of the anthracene.