An ageing compensation system and method for an OLED device, the ageing compensation system for the OLED device comprising a pixel circuit (100), data lines (Data), sensing lines (Sense), a first power source ELVDD, a second power source ELVSS, and a source electrode drive chip IC1, the pixel circuit (100) comprising an OLED device and a drive transistor G3. The number of sensing lines (Sense) and data lines (Data) is the same, one sensing line (Sense) coordinating with one data line (Data), and also being connected to a plurality of pixel circuits (100), the sensing lines (Sense) being connected to an anode of the OLED device by means of a first transistor G2, and being used for sensing the voltage VOLED of the OLED device; the first power source ELVDD is connected to the drive transistor G3 and the second power source ELVSS is connected to the cathode of the OLED device; the electrode drive chip IC1 is connected to the data lines (Data), and is used for transmitting the image voltage; and the source electrode drive chip IC1 is connected to a sensing line (Sense), in order to find the current light emitting efficiency in a look-up table, obtain a compensation voltage after calculation, and perform ageing compensation of the OLED device. The problem of reduced brightness due to ageing of the OED device is improved, the problem of residual image display is improved, and the uniformity of the OLED display screen is improved.