The invention discloses a compressor and cold head matching device. The matching device comprises a transmitting pipe connecting a compressor with a cold head, and further comprises a parallel air reservoir which is mounted on the side wall of the transmitting pipe and used for controlling the working state of the compressor. The invention further discloses a pulse tube refrigerator and a compressor and cold head matching method. According to the device and method, the parallel air reservoir is mounted on the side face of the transmitting pipe, the overall structure is more compact, and the space occupied by the pulse tube refrigerator is reduced; and the parallel air reservoir is mounted on the side face of the transmitting pipe, the length of the transmitting pipe is reduced, the mounting height and gravity of the overall device are lowered, mounting of a cold head of the pulse tube refrigerator is facilitated, meanwhile, the possibility of rollover due to the too high gravity of the overall device is lowered, and the safety of the overall device is improved.