The invention discloses a reciprocating type compressor packing cooling system. The reciprocating type compressor packing cooling system comprises a piston rod (1); a flange (2) is arranged on the piston rod (1); a front packing box (3) and a rear packing box (4) are respectively arranged on the two sides of the flange (2); a packing box assembly (5) is arranged between the flange (5) and the rear packing box (4); the front packing box (3), the flange (2), the packing box assembly (5) and the rear packing box (4) are arranged closely; a cooling circulating channel which is communicated with the front packing box (3), the flange (2), the packing box assembly (5) and the rear packing box (4) is arranged in the front packing box (3), the flange (2), the packing box assembly (5) and the rear packing box (4). The reciprocating type compressor packing cooling system has the advantages of skilful structural design, low cost and reliable use; the cooling flowing area of the packing is greatly increased; the heat exchange efficiency is improved; moreover, the temperature of the packing boxes are reduced; the service life of the packing is prolonged; the sealing property is maintained.