The invention relates to the technical field of fire extinguishing devices and particularly discloses an automatic folding fan type fire extinguisher. The fire extinguisher comprises a gas bottle filled with a fire extinguishing object; the fire extinguishing object is sprayed from a spray nozzle on a gas bottle operating part through pressure; a spray pipe for forming the spray nozzle is arranged on in gas bottle operating part; a plurality of fan blades are arranged on the spray pipe; a plurality of linkage rings are arranged at roots of the fan blades; a circular hollow assembly barrel is formed by the linkage rings; linkage structures which are sequentially connected to form chain driving are arranged on the linkage rings; the assembly barrel is sleeved on the spray pipe; and a pneumatic device for driving the first fan blade is arranged between the spray pipe and the assembly barrel. The fire extinguisher disclosed by the invention is reasonable in structure and has the advantages that part of air pressure is guided into the assembly barrel via an air hole when the fire extinguisher sprays; a poking plate is pushed and the fan blades are sequentially unfolded to form a transparent protective screen and shield smoke dust; the fan blades are driven by a reset spring to be sequentially folded after the fire extinguisher is used, so that the fire extinguisher is capable of effectively avoiding smoke dust influencing the view of users and reducing the influence of harmful matters in the smoke dust on the health of the users.