The invention discloses a hierarchical B-frame based inter-frame mode rapid selection method and device for a new video coding standard. The method comprises the steps of: according to a new generation of video coding standard, carrying out coding on a first frame of a GOP (group of pictures); carrying out statistics on a proportion of sizes of each type of all CUs (Coding Units) to the first frame after coding; and according to the proportion (with reference to the specification), a level where the first frame is positioned and the size of each CU, deciding whether to jump over an inter-frame mode of the CUs in a subsequent frame, and rapidly selecting the CUs which need to traverse the inter-frame mode. A method for deciding whether to jump over the inter-frame mode takes a key effect of promoting efficiency of a coder, greatly reduces inter-frame prediction calculation complexity of the video coder, reduces coding time and improves coding efficiency; the hierarchical B-frame based inter-frame mode rapid selection method and device are simple in algorithm and small in calculation quantity; and the selection device is simple in structure and convenient to use and can be conveniently put into practical application.