The invention discloses a pulverized coal weight or heat balanced powder supplying control system and method for multiple pneumatic-conveying pipelines. The control system comprises multiple pneumatic-conveying pipeline pulverized coal weight measuring devices, a raw coal heating capacity on-line measuring device, a weighing device, an adjustable pulverized coal distributer and a data acquisition and treatment controller; and the control system is arranged on current pulverized coal manufacture system equipment, is used for measuring the weight and heat deviation of the multiple pneumatic-conveying pipelines, and is used for adjusting and controlling the weight and heat of the pulverized coal in each pneumatic-conveying pipeline, so that pulverized coal weight or heat balanced powder supplying in the multiple pneumatic-conveying pipelines is realized. By adopting the system and the control method, burning quality of the pulverized coal in a boiler can be improved; heat efficiency is improved; emission of NOx is lowered; and the control system and the control method are of great significance to stability, safety and economy of operation of the boiler.