The invention relates to a TDD large-scale MIMO system pilot frequency allocation method based on alliance game. Compared with the prior art, the TDD large-scale MIMO system pilot frequency allocation method has the advantages of solving the defect of relatively large difference between an analysis scene and an actual application scene in the pilot frequency allocation method. The TDD large-scale MIMO system pilot frequency allocation method comprises the following steps: preprocessing user data; establishing a sub-alliance structure; and obtaining a pilot frequency allocation result. The idea of alliance game is imported into the pilot frequency allocation based on user grouping, which is not only suitable for the scenes in which the cell shape is not regular and the number of users in each cell (the users are randomly distributed), but also can effectively relieve the pilot frequency pollution effect, and can relieve the problem that the existing method for solving the pilot frequency pollution effect is hard to be actually used.