The invention discloses a mixed type Bloch plasmon optical waveguide, which is strong in light-field limiting ability and low in transmission loss. The mixed type Bloch plasmon optical waveguide structure comprises a metal nanowire embedded inside a cladding layer, a multi-layer film structure, and a low-refractive-index medium buffer layer between the metal nanowire and the multi-layer film structure. The low-refractive-index medium buffer layer is arranged closer to the metal nano-wire and the multi-layer film structure, so that the distribution range of the light field of the optical waveguide is significantly reduced. The two-dimensional sub-wavelength confinement on the transmission light field is realized. Meanwhile, due to the existence of the multi-layer film structure, the transmission loss of the transmission light field is significantly reduced. The mixed optical waveguide overcomes the contradiction between the confinement ability of the light field and the transmission loss of the light field on the surfaces of an existing surface plasmon optical waveguide and a Bloch surface plasmon optical waveguide, solves the loss and interference problems of large size and high-integration-level optical waveguide devices, and realizes the implementation of optical waveguide chips ultrahigh in integration level.