The present invention discloses a pipeline axial direction orientation displacement test device considering a seabed inclination angle and a cooling gradient. The device comprises a test groove, an oil transmission device, an oil outlet pipeline, an oil return pipeline, an inlet collection device, an outlet collection device, a test oil pipeline, a shaft device and a hydraulic push rod device. The device can perform simulation of various situations which can cause generation of axial direction orientation displacement of a subsea pipeline: in the whole uniform temperature rising and reducing process of the pipeline, the effect of the seabed inclination causes the generation of the axial direction orientation displacement; and in the process of oils heated to a fixed temperature pass through the pipeline, the oils perform heat exchange with the pipeline, and the pipeline generates axial direction orientation displacement when the energy loss is generated along the way.