The invention provides an intelligent identification method for the types of engineering materials. The method includes the following steps that 1, a material training sample and a material testing sample are prepared; 2, word segmentation is conducted on material names of the material testing sample, stop words are removed, the material training sample is de-weighted after being subjected to word segmentation, and keyword combination names of each category are obtained; 3, the similarity coefficient between material names of the material testing sample and the keyword combination names of the material training sample after cleaning is calculated, according to the similarity coefficient, the candidate category of the material testing sample is selected out, or the material testing sample which can not be identified by the machine algorithm is separated out, and manual intervention identification is conducted; 4, the material training sample corresponding to the candidate category is screened out, and feature keywords are extracted; 5, the final categories of the material names are confirmed by using the machine learning classification algorithm. The method combines the large data processing technology and the machine learning classification algorithm, material categories can be intelligently identified, the identification is accurate, the efficiency is high, and the cost is low.