The invention provides a data encryption method and apparatus. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining first encrypted identity information in a user identity card by a terminal through an NFC; sending an identity verification request to a server, and receiving a response request and a communication key returned by the server so as to perform mutual identity verification with the server to verify whether the identity is legal; when it is determined that the server is legal, encrypting the first encrypted identity information by using the communication key; sending the encrypted first encrypted identity information to the server; receiving second encrypted identity information sent by the server; decrypting the second encrypted identity information by using the communication key to obtain second identity information; and displaying the second identity information. By adoption of the technical scheme, the identity card data are encrypted to ensure the transmission security of the identity card data.