The invention relates to a laser radar and machine vision-based information fusion and vehicle detection system. The system comprises a millimeter-wave radar data processing module, a radar and visiondata fusion module and an air of interest-based image detection and verification module, wherein the millimeter-wave radar data processing module is capable of obtaining a relatively reliable and accurate effective target and movement state information of the effective target to serve as input of a multi-sensor data fusion module; the radar and vision data fusion module is capable of obtaining aprojection point, on a machine vision image pixel plane, of a front vehicle detected by millimeter-wave radar, establishing an area of interest around the projection point and completing multi-sensordata space fusion; and the image detection and verification module is capable of correctly positioning the size and position of an imaging area of the front vehicle and verifying whether the imaging area is a vehicle image or not. According to the system, barriers in front of vehicles can be effectively detected, and effective tracking targets can be correctly, stably and reliably screened throughcarrying out data analysis and processing on data acquired by sensors.