The invention discloses a method, device, and equipment for identifying paper currency authenticity and a storage medium. The method comprises acquiring an image of a black watermark area on a paper currency; scanning the image by adopting an image template, acquiring the number of the areas corresponding to and matched with the preset area in the image template in the image, and taking as a firstnumber; when the first number exceeds a first threshold value, taking at least two area combinations corresponding to the preset area combination of the image template in the image are as a target area combination, and acquiring the number of the characteristics, accordant with the preset characteristic, of the target area combination and serving as a second number; and when the second number isdetected to exceed a second threshold value, determining that one matching position exists between the image and the image template; and when the image scanning is completed with the image template, judging the authenticity of the paper currency based on the number of the matching positions. According to the embodiment of the invention, the authenticity of the paper currency can be determined quickly and accurately.