Disclosed is a method for synthesizing aluminum alloy powder through a carbon thermal reduction method. The method for synthesizing the aluminum alloy powder through the carbon thermal reduction method comprises the steps that metallic oxide with the particle size of being less than 50 [mu]m and industrial aluminum ore with the particle size of being less than 100 [mu]m are mixed, and the mixed powder is obtained; and after the mixed powder is mixed with carbon power, heat insulating is conducted for 1.5-3 h under the temperature of 1000-1100 DEG C under the inert gas protection, then the temperate is heated up to 1300-1450 DEG C, heat insulating is conducted for 1.5-3 h, cooling is conducted, and the soluble aluminum alloy powder is obtained. According to the method for synthesizing the aluminum alloy powder through the carbon thermal reduction method, steps for industrial synthesizing of an aluminum alloy are reduced, mineral raw materials are fully used, the synthesizing cost is reduced, the industrial aluminum ore is used as the raw material, when some compounds in the industrial aluminum ore are dissolved, a dissolved solution is alkaline, and the solubility uniformity is improved; and some industrial oxide can be used as reinforcing phases, the compressive strength of the degradable aluminum base alloy is moderately improved, the utilization ratio of the aluminum ore is improved, the process is simplified, and the industrial production cost is saved.