The embodiment of the invention provides a pulse calibration system and method in a train control system; the calibration system comprises a pulse output module, a pulse conditioning module, a transmission module, a signal receiving end, and a calibration module and a control module in communication connection; the calibration module and the signal receiving end are in communication connection; the control module is connected with the pulse output module; the calibration module is used for obtaining a ratio value between a pulse emission preset period and a real period, and a ratio value between a preset pulse duty ratio and a real pulse duty ratio; the control module is used for calibrating the pulse emission preset period and the pulse emission preset pulse duty ratio according to the obtained ratio values. The pulse calibration system can dynamically adjust the pulse output period and duty ratio in the train control system in real time, thus enabling the signal receiving end to receive correct pulse signals when the pulse signals are transmitted in a long distance by the signal conditioning circuit or even under fault conditions.