The invention provides a cadmium sulfide quantum dot/silica nano-pore column solar cell and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of solar cells. The preparation method of the cadmium sulfide quantum dot/silica nano-pore column solar cell comprises the step of preparing Cu and In doped cadmium sulfide quantum dots on the surface of a nano-pore column silicon wafer through a continuous ionic layer adsorption reaction method. By means of the method, the technical problem that in the prior art, the cadmium sulfide/silicon solar cell conversion efficiency is low can be solved, and the conversion efficiency of the solar cell is improved.