The invention relates to a traction-floating-type river power generating device. The traction-floating-type river power generating device comprises a fixed pile, an electric transmission line, an electric transmission bus and power generating mechanisms. The fixed pile is fixed on the river bank. The electric transmission bus is erected on the top of the fixed pile. The multiple power generating mechanisms floating on the river are connected with the electric transmission bus through the electric transmission line. Electric energy generated by the power generating mechanisms is input into theelectric transmission bus through the output end. Each power generating mechanism consists of a floating bin, a water turbine, a power generator, a center rotating shaft, a first gear and a second gear. The front sides of the floating bins are the river inlet side. The back sides of the floating bins are the river outlet side. A front sealed bin with a sealed structure is arranged in the middle ofthe inlet side of each floating bin. The front part of each front sealed bin is a shunt guiding body, and the back part of each front sealed bin is a sealed bin body with a regular shape. A left sealed bin and a right sealed bin are correspondingly arranged at the positions, located on the left side and the right side of each front sealed bin, of each floating bin. According to the traction-floating-type river power generating device, the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, the effect is quick, implementing is achieved while the effect works, the ecological environment is notdamaged, immigration does not exist, and money and effort are saved.