The invention discloses a self-ascending type platform hydraulic plug pin ascending and descending device. The self-ascending type platform hydraulic plug pin ascending and descending device comprisesa plug pin ascending and descending device which is provided with a fixed pile frame, a balance assembly, a fixed ring beam, a movable ring beam, a hydraulic lifting oil cylinder, at least one plug pin device, a height detecting device and a control device; the fixed ring beam is connected with the fixed pile frame through the balance assembly; a lug plate on the end portion of a cylinder body ofthe hydraulic lifting oil cylinder is hinged to the fixed ring beam; a plug plate on the end portion of a piston rod of the hydraulic lifting oil cylinder is hinged to the movable ring beam; the fixed ring beam and the movable ring beam are each provided with the corresponding plug pin device, and are fixed to pile legs in a crossed manner through the plug pin devices; telescopic type plug pin devices are adopted as the plug pin device; the height detecting device is arranged on the pile legs, and is arranged above the fixed ring beam; and the hydraulic lifting oil cylinder, the plug pin devices and the height detecting device are all connected with the control device. According to the self-ascending type platform hydraulic plug pin ascending and descending device, by arranging the heightdetecting device, the accuracy of lifting control of the self-ascending type platform hydraulic plug pin ascending and descending device is improved, the fixed ring beam is connected with the fixed pile frame through the balance assembly, and the stability and the safety of ascending and descending of the self-ascending type platform hydraulic plug pin ascending and descending device are improved.