The invention provides an identity recognition system for self-service terminal equipment, and the system comprises an electronic tag RFID module which has a unique ID number, and comprises a radio frequency IC for generating a radio frequency signal, and a transmitting module for transmitting the radio frequency signal; a receiving module which is used for receiving the radio frequency signal transmitted by the transmitting module and converting the radio frequency signal into a digital signal; a serial port communication module which is used for analyzing the digital signal; and a controllerwhich is used for carrying out the encryption processing of the analyzed digital signal and transmitting an analysis signal. The invention also provides an identity recognition method for the self-service terminal equipment. Compared with the prior art, the system and method provided by the invention achieves the real-time monitoring and identity recognition of a detachable part on the self-service terminal equipment.